The Immmortal Vedas

The Vedas

There are four Vedas, the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. The Vedas are the primary texts of Hinduism. They also had a vast influence on Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. Traditionally the text of the Vedas was coeval with the universe. Scholars have determined that the Rig Veda, the oldest of the four Vedas, was composed about 1500 B.C., and codified about 600 B.C. It is unknown when it was finally committed to writing, but this probably was at some point after 300 B.C.
The Vedas contain hymns, incantations, and rituals from ancient India. Along with the Book of the Dead, the Enuma Elish, the I Ching, and the Avesta, they are among the most ancient religious texts still in existence. Besides their spiritual value, they also give a unique view of everyday life in India four thousand years ago. The Vedas are also the most ancient extensive texts in an Indo-European language, and as such are invaluable in the study of comparative linguistics.

[The Vedic Guide]

Rig Veda

 The Rig-Veda
translated by Ralph Griffith [1896]
A complete English translation of the Rig Veda. 
 Rig-Veda (Sanskrit)
The complete Rig Veda in Sanskrit, in Unicode Devanagari script and standard romanization.
 Vedic Hymns, Part I (SBE 32)
Hymns to the Maruts, Rudra, Vâyu and Vâta, tr. by F. Max Müller[1891]
A masterpiece of linguistics and comparative mythology: translations and deep analysis of the Vedic Hymns to the Storm Gods. 
 Vedic Hymns, Part II (SBE 46)
Hymns to Agni, tr. by Hermann Oldenberg [1897]
The Vedic Hymns to Agni. 
 A Vedic Reader for Students (excerpts)
by A.A. Macdonell [1917]
An introduction to the Dramatis Personæ of the Rig Veda.

Sama Veda

 The Sama-Veda
translated by Ralph Griffith [1895]
A collection of hymns used by the priests during the Soma sacrifice. Many of these duplicate in part or in whole hymns from the Rig Veda. This is a complete translation.

[ MORE ABOUT : SAMA VEDA ]

Yajur Veda

 The Yajur Veda (Taittiriya Sanhita)
translated by Arthur Berriedale Keith [1914]
A complete translation of the Black Yajur Veda. The Yajur Veda is a detailed manual of the Vedic sacrificial rites. 
 The Texts of the White Yajurveda
translated by Ralph T.H. Griffith [1899]
A complete translation of the White Yajur Veda.

Atharva Veda

The Atharva Veda also contains material from the Rig Veda, but of interest are the numerous incantations and metaphysical texts, which this anthology (part of the Sacred Books of the East series) collects and categorizes. The Atharva Veda was written down much later than the rest of the Vedas, about 200 B.C.; it may have been composed about 1000 B.C.
[ MORE ABOUT : ATHARVA VEDA ]
 The Hymns of the Atharvaveda
translated by Ralph T.H. Griffith [1895-6]
The unabridged Atharva Veda translation by Ralph Griffith. 
 The Atharva-Veda
translated by Maurice Bloomfield [1897]
(Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 42)
The Sacred Books of the East translation of the Atharva-veda.Selected hymns from the Atharva-veda. 


[ LEARN MORE ABOUT ALL THE IMMORTAL VEDAS ]

Upanishads

The Upanishads are a continuation of the Vedic philosophy, and were written between 800 and 400 B.C. They elaborate on how the soul (Atman) can be united with the ultimate truth (Brahman) through contemplation and mediation, as well as the doctrine of Karma— the cumulative effects of a persons’ actions.

 The Upanishads (Sacred Books of the East, vols. 1 and 15):
 The Upanishads, Part I (SBE 1)
Max Müller, translator [1879]
The Chandogya, Talavakara, Aitreya-Aranyaka, the Kaushitaki-Brahmana, and the Vajasaneyi Samhita Upanishads  The Upanishads, Part II (SBE 15)
Max Müller, translator [1884]
Katha, Mundaka, Taittirîyaka, Brihadâranyaka, Svetâsvatara, Prasña, and Maitrâyana Brâhmana Upanishads.
 Thirty Minor Upanishads
by K. Narayanasvami Aiyar [1914]
Thirty shorter Upanishads, principally dealing with Yogic thought and practice.
 From the Upanishads
Charles Johnston, translator [1889]
Translations from the Katha, Prasna and Chhandogya Upanishads.

Puranas

The Puranas are post-Vedic texts which typically contain a complete narrative of the history of the Universe from creation to destruction, genealogies of the kings, heroes and demigods, and descriptions of Hindu cosmology and geography. There are 17 or 18 canonical Puranas, divided into three categories, each named after a deity: Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva. There are also many other works termed Purana, known as ‘Upapuranas.’
 The Vishnu Purana
by H.H. Wilson [1840]
A primary text of the Vaishnava branch of Hinduism, and one of the canonical Puranas of the Vishnu category. Among the portions of interest are a cycle of legends of the boyhood deeds of Krishna and Rama. H.H. Wilson was one of the first Europeans to translate a Hindu sacred text from the original Sanskrit. His style and annotations are exceptional and very readable. 
 The Garuda Purana
translated by Ernest Wood and S.V. Subrahmanyam [1911]
A Vishnu Purana with Dantesque descriptions of the afterlife, and details of Hindu funeral rites.
 The S’rimad Devî Bhâgawatam
translated by Swami Vijnanananda (Hari Prasanna Chatterji) [1921]
One of the Upapuranas, devoted to the Devi (Goddess). 
 The Devî Gita
translated by Swami Vijnanananda (Hari Prasanna Chatterji) [1921]
The Song of the Goddess. An excerpt from the S’rimad Devî Bhâgawatam (above) 
 The Prem Sagur
(Prem Sagar) by Lallu Lal, translated by W. Hollings [1848]
English translation of a popular Hindi retelling of the Krishna cycle, based on the tenth book of the Bhagavata Purana. 
 The Transmigration of the Seven Brahmans
translated by Henry David Thoreau [1931]
An excerpt from the Harivamsa, a Puranic text, translated by the American transcendentalist philosopher. 
 Kundalini: The Mother of the Universe
by Rishi Singh Gherwal [1930]
Includes an English translation of the Lalita Sahasranama, the ‘Thousand Names of the Goddess,’ from the Brahmanda Purana.
[ LEARN ABOUT : AYURVEDA ]

Other Primary Texts

 The Laws of Manu
George Bühler, translator [1886]
(Sacred Books of the East, vol. 25)
Manu was the legendary first man, the Adam of the Hindus. This is a collection of laws attributed to Manu. 
 The Sacred Laws of the Âryas, Part I (SBE 2)
George Bühler translator [1879]
(Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 2)
Hindu law books written by the sages Âpastamba and Gautama, in the first millenium B.C. 
 The Sacred Laws of the Âryas, Part II (SBE 14)
George Bühler translator [1879]
(Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 14)
Hindu law books written by the sages Vasishtha and Baudhâyana, in the first millenium B.C. 
 The Institutes of Vishnu (SBE 7)
Julius Jolly, translator [1880]
(Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 7)
This Hindu law book contains descriptions of yogic practises, and a moving hymn to the Goddess Prajapati. 
 The Minor Law Books (SBE 33)
Julius Jolly, translator [1880]
(Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 33)
Later Hindu law books written by Narada and Brihaspati about 600 CE. 
 The Satapatha Brahmana
A primary source for Vedic-era mythology, philosophy and magical practices. The complete five part Sacred Books of the East Satapatha Brahmana translation is now online:
 Satapatha Brahmana, Part I (SBE12)
 Satapatha Brahmana, Part II (SBE26)
 Satapatha Brahmana, Part III (SBE41)
 Satapatha Brahmana, Part IV (SBE43)
 Satapatha Brahmana, Part V (SBE44)
 The Grihya Sutras, Part 1 (SBE 29)
Hermann Oldenberg, tr. [1886] The Grihya Sutras, Part 2 (SBE 30)
Hermann Oldenberg, tr. [1892]
Ancient Hindu household rites, including fertility, marriage, purity, initiations, and funerals.
[ YOU MAY ALSO BE INTERESTED IN : Our Indian Mythology ]

The Epics

The Mahabharata and Ramayana are the national epics of India. They are probably the longest poems in any language. The Mahabharata, attributed to the sage Vyasa, was written down from 540 to 300 B.C. The Mahabharata tells the legends of the Bharatas, a Vedic Aryan group. The Ramayana, attributed to the poet Valmiki, was written down during the first century A.D., although it is based on oral traditions that go back six or seven centuries earlier. The Ramayana is a moving love story with moral and spiritual themes that has deep appeal in India to this day.
In addition, a key Hindu sacred text, the Bhagavad Gita, is embedded in Book Six of the Mahabharata.

Mahabharata

 The Mahabharata
translated by Kisari Mohan Ganguli [1883-1896]
Digitizing this unabridged translation of the Mahabharata was a joint venture between sacred-texts and Project Gutenberg. 

 The Mahabharata in Sanskrit
The text of the Mahabharata with parallel Devanagari and Romanization Unicode.

The Ramayana

 Rámáyan Of Válmíki
translated by Ralph T. H. Griffith [1870-1874]
The first complete public domain translation of the Ramayana to be placed online.
 The Ramayana in Sanskrit
The text of the Ramayana with parallel Unicode Devanagari and Romanization.

Abridged Versions

 The Ramayana and Mahabharata
R. Dutt translator [1899]
A very readable abridged version of these epics.
 Indian Idylls
Sir Edwin Arnold, translator [1883]
More stories from the Mahabharata, rendered in poetry.
 Love and Death
by Sri Arobindo [1921]
The popular story of Ruru and Priyumvada from the Mahabharata.

Bhagavad Gita

The Bhagavad Gita, usually considered part of the sixth book of the Mahabharata (dating from about 400 or 300 B.C.), is a central text of Hinduism, a philosphical dialog between the god Krishna and the warrior Arjuna. This is one of the most popular and accessible of all Hindu scriptures, required reading for anyone interested in Hinduism. The Gita discusses selflessness, duty, devotion, and meditation, integrating many different threads of Hindu philosophy.
 The Bhagavadgîtâ (SBE 8)
with the Sanatsugâtîya and the Anugîtâ translated by Kâshinâth Trimbak Telang, (Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 8) [1882]
A scholarly prose translation of the Bhagavad Gita with two other similar, less well known, works from the Mahabharata.
 The Bhagavad Gita in Sanskrit
A Unicode presentation of the Gita in Romanized Sanskrit.
 Srimad-Bhagavad-Gita
by Swami Swarupananda [1909]
A modern English prose translation of the Gita with commentary.
The Bhagavad Gita
A modern prose translation of the Gita, sanctioned by theInternational Gita Society.

 The Bhagavad Gita
Sir Edwin Arnold, translator [1885]
A classic poetic version of the Gita.

[ LEARN ABOUT THE 4 YUGAS ]

Vedanta

 The Vedântâ-Sûtras (SBE 48)
with commentary by Râmânuja, translated by George Thibaut; (Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 48) [1904] 
 The Vedântâ-Sûtras Part I (SBE 34)
with commentary by Sankarâkârya, translated by George Thibaut; (Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 34) [1890] 
 The Vedântâ-Sûtras Part II (SBE 38)
with commentary by Sankarâkârya, translated by George Thibaut; (Sacred Books of the East, Vol. 38) [1896] 
 The Crest-Jewel of Wisdom
and other writings of Śankarâchârya; translation and commentaries byCharles Johnston [1946] 
 Brahma-Knowledge
by L.D. Barnett [1911]
A short exposition of the Hindu Vedanta philosophy. 
 Select Works of Sri Sankaracharya
tr. by S. Venkataramanan [1921]
A selection of works by the non-dualist Vedanta philosopher.

Later Texts

 The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali by Charles Johnston [1912]
This concise work describes an early stage in the philosophy and practise of Yoga. Dating from about 150 B.C., the work shows dualist and Buddhist influences. Required reading if you are interested in Yoga or meditation. 
 The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali
Another translation of this classic text of Yoga. 
 The Hatha Yoga Pradipika
translated by Pancham Sinh [1914]
The oldest extant work about Hatha Yoga, including the full Sanskrit text. 
 Dakshinamurti Stotra
translated by Alladi Mahadeva Sastri [1920]
Comparing Hindu schools of thought on the nature of reality. 
 The Sánkhya Aphorisms of Kapila
translated by James R. Ballantyne [1885] 
 Kalidasa: Translations of Shakuntala and Other Works
by Kalidasa, (fifth century C.E.), tr. by Arthur W. Ryder [1914]
The master dramas of the ‘Shakespeare of India,’ including Shakuntala. 
 The Little Clay Cart
by Shudraka tr. by Arthur W. Ryder [1905]
The earliest Indian drama, a screwball comedy of manners, with a cast of courtesans, kings and scoundrels. 
 Verses of Vemana
by Vemana (17th century), tr. from the Telugu by C.P. Brown [1829]Verses of devotion by a Dravidian South Indian poet. 
 Black Marigolds
(Caurapañcāśikā) by Bilhana, tr. by Edward Powys Mathers [1919]
A free verse translation of Bilhana, an 11th century Kashmiri poet.
 Vikram and the Vampire
tr. by Sir Richard Burton. [1870]
Tales of a Vampire Scheherazade. 
 Hymns of the Tamil Saivite Saints
tr. by F. Kingsbury and G.P. Phillips [1829]
Popular Tamil Hindu devotional poetry by worshippers of the god Shiva. 

 Songs of Kabîr
Kabir, tr. by Rabindranath Tagore, Introduction by Evelyn Underhill; New York, The Macmillan Company; [1915]
Kabir’s mystical and devotional poetry has been found inspirational by people of many different faiths. Kabir tried to find common ground between Hindus and Muslims.  Yoga Vashisht or Heaven Found
by Rishi Singh Gherwal [1930]
Excerpts from the shorter Yoga Vasishta 

Modern Books

 Relax with Yoga
by Arthur Liebers [1960]
An introduction to modern Raja Yoga, with photos of asanas. 
 Great Systems of Yoga
by Ernest Wood [1954]
A review of the Yogic systems. 
 Old Deccan Days
by Mary Frere [1868] 
 Ramakrishna, His Life and Sayings
by F. Max Müller [1898]
The collected words of the Hindu sage from a humble background who transcended arbitrary religious boundaries. 
 The Gospel of Ramakrishna
by Mahendra Nath Gupta, ed. by Swami Abhedananda [1907]
First-hand accounts of the Bengali holy man who preached the unity of religions. 
 Hindu Mythology, Vedic and Puranic
by W.J. Wilkins [1900]
A detailed walkthrough of the Hindu Gods and Goddesses. 
 How To Be A Yogi
by Swâmi Abhedânanda [1902] A road-map of the Yogic schools. 
 Twenty-two Goblins
by Arthur W. Ryder [1912] 
 Indian Fairy Tales
by Joseph Jacobs [1912] 
 Indian Myth and Legend
by Donald A. Mackenzie [1913]
Hindu mythology from the earliest times through the Mahabharata and Rayamaya. 
 Karma-Yoga
by Swami Vivekananda [1921]
Can work be holy?

 Hindu Mysticism
by S.N. Dasgupta [1927]

 Writings of Sister Nivedita (Margaret E. Noble)

 Kali the Mother
by Sister Nivedita (Margaret E. Noble) [1900]
Sister Nivedita’s devotional writings to the Mother goddess Kali.  The Web of Indian Life
by Sister Nivedita (Margaret E. Noble) [1904] Studies from an Eastern Home
by Sister Nivedita (Margaret E. Noble) [1913]

 Writings of Rabindranath Tagore

 Gitanjali [1913]
 Saddhana, The Realisation of Life [1915]
 The Crescent Moon [1916]
 Fruit-Gathering [1916]
 Stray Birds [1916]
 The Home and the World [1915]
 Thought Relics [1921]
 Songs of Kabîr [1915]
[ LEARN MORE ABOUT THE IMMORTAL VEDAS AT The Modern Vedic ]

Bhasma in Ayurveda

Bhasma are very fine ayurvedic medicinal powders prepared by the process of calcination of metals, minerals and natural stones or gem. The calcination is a process of heating metals, minerals, etc. on a high temperature to convert them into their oxides. Bhasma are manufactured with a series of preparation methods involving detoxification of raw materials, grinding them with herbal juices, making small pieces, drying, and heating. The gradual process of preparation may continue for a week to 3 years. The end-product of these long term preparation methods are residues of metals and minerals. Bhasma are also called ashes or calcined preparations.

[ SEE HOW ACCURATE THE VEDAS ARE SCIENTIFICALLY ]

Process of Bhasma Formation

• Selection of raw material
• Identification of purity
• Washing and cleaning
• Grinding and making fine powders
• Mixing with herbal juices or herbs
• Again grinding with herbal juices for 10 to 100 hours
• Making paste, then making small pieces
• Keeping the small pieces to dry up
• When small pieces are dehydrated, then putting them in earthen pots

[ WHY IS SUN THE SUPREME GOD ]

• The materials are then heated up under high temperature to make bhasma.
• Again, step no. 5 to 10 are repeated until the metal or mineral gains the properties of bhasma.

[ LEARN HOW TO HEAL YOUR BODY NATURALLY ]

Uses of Bhasma

There are different kinds of bhasma prepared and used in ayurveda. Each has its specific indications, properties and healing characteristics. Generally, most of them are used in the treatment of chronic diseases such as osteoarthritis, infertility, erectile dysfunction, chronic gastritis, ulcer, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory diseases, psoriasis, eczema, depression, bipolar disorder, cancer, tuberculosis, hormonal problems etc.

Price of bhasma

Due to the extensive labor used in the bhasma making, they are generally expensive ayurvedic medicines. The cost depends on the numbers of puta (heating process) and cost of raw material. For example, gold is used to make swarna bhasma, so it is very costly and godanti bhasma is chief because the number of puta are less as compared 1000 puta abhrak bhasma.

[ WHAT IS FIRE BATH ]

List of Bhasma

A complete list of bhasma used in Ayurveda is given underneath:

1. Abhrak bhasma
2. Akik bhasma
3. Aviltoladi Bhasma Ganji
4. Godanti bhasma
5. Gomed Mani (Stone) Bhasma & Pishti
6. Hajrul Yahood Bhasma (Sange yahood Bhasma)
7. Heerak Bhasma – Heera or Vajra Bhasma
8. Kansya Bhasma (Kansa Bhasma or Bell Metal Bhasma)
9. Kanta loha bhasma
10. Kasis Bhasma
11. Kasis Godanti Bhasma
12. Kukkutanda twak bhasma (Processed Eggshell Calcium)
13. Loha Bhasma
14. Mandur Bhasma
15. Mukta Bhasma
16. Muktasukti Bhasma & Mukta Shukti Pishti
17. Panaviraladi Bhasma
18. Roupya (Rajat) Bhasma (Silver Ash)
19. Shankh Bhasma (Shankha Bhasm)
20. Shringa Bhasma (Shrung Bhasma)
21. Swarna Bhasma
22. Tamra Bhasma
23. Yashad bhasma or Jasad Bhasma
24. Jahar mohra Bhasma
25. Trivanga (tribang) Bhasma
26. Naga Bhasma
27. Neel mani (neelam) Bhasma
28. Neelanjana Bhasma
29. Parwal Bhasma
30. Parad Bhasma
31. Piroja Bhasma
32. Peetal Bhasma
33. Pukhraj Bhasma
34. Madhu mandur Bhasma
35. Mandoor Mashik Bhasma
36. Mala Bhasma
37. Manikya Bhasma
38. Rajavart Bhasma
39. Bang (Vanga) Bhasma
40. Vart Loha Bhasma
41. Varatika Bhasma
42. Vaikranta Bhasma
43. Vaidoor Bhasma
44. Shambuk Bhasma
45. Shubhra Bhasma
46. Sangeyasab Bhasma
47. Swarna Makshik Bhasma
48. Swastik Mani Bhasma
49. Hartal Bhasma
50. Harital Godanti Bhasma

[ LEARN MORE ABOUT BHASMA ]

There are other types of bhasma used in Ayurveda. The above list is an example of bhasma used for the treatment of the various diseases.

[Read More at www.themodernvedic.com]

15 Simple Tips to Balance Your Mind, Body & Soul

Here is a list of 15 simple things to consider incorporating into your healthy routine to help balance your mind, body, and spirit.

1. Exercise – Find an exercise you enjoy and start doing it regularly.

 

2. Be grateful – Stop to think about the things you have going for you and appreciate them.

3. Get plenty of sleep – Sleep is regenerative for your body. The more sleep you get the better you will perform the next day.

4. Breathe deeply – Whenever you think about it stop and take a deep breath. Over time this will become a healthy habit.

5. Install a shower filter – Chlorine is a poison. You don’t want to inhale it or absorb it through your skin while showering.

 

6. Ground yourself – Literally. Plant your bare feet on the earth as often as possible.

Learn about The Six Powers of Mind-Prana Shakti

7. Eat organic – Chemicals are killing pests on the crops. They are not good for you either.

8. Do more yoga – Great for the body and mind. MindBodyGreen readers know the importance of this.

Learn about Surya Namaskara asanas 

9. Smile more – It feels great 🙂

10. Spend more time with loved ones – In our busy lives we need to make time for the people who matter to us most.

11. Live your passion – Do more of what you love.

12. Meditate – Set some time aside each day to rest your mind.

Learn How To Meditate With ‘OM’

13. Drink clean water – Get a filtration system for your drinking water. Fluoride is not good for your body.

14. Get outdoors more – Go for a hike and enjoy nature.

15. Eat plenty of greens – Dark leafy greens are rich in vitamins, minerals and chlorophyll. They help alkalize the body.

Slowly start incorporating these ideas into your daily routine and see how they positively iimmmmmimpact your overall health.

Mind-blowing secrets behind Brahma, Big Bang & Creation of Universe

1. So how did life arrive on Earth?

This question has always troubled me, how exactly did human race come to dwell in a blue ball spinning in completely black space? Were we put here by an architect? Did we evolve from simpler forms of life (as science says)? Could we have migrated here from another planet? Let’s explore the diverse theories that are prevalent in Hinduism of those earliest days…[Creation And God]

2. The Big Bang theory

http://themodernvedic.com/

One of the theories put forward by cosmologists is the Big Bang theory. This suggests that about 15,000 million years ago there was a massive explosion. This was the point at which all matter in the universe began; space and time began then too. Over time the universe that we know, and human and animal life, emerged. This theory is generally accepted by scientists as being the best theory they have to explain the origins of the universe.

3. Science versus sacred texts

http://themodernvedic.com/

Most of us have read and accepted the verdict of science – that we are the chance result of billions of years of evolution from single-celled creatures, to sea-born creatures, to reptiles, birds, mammals, to apes and finally to man. But the Vedas and Puranas have different stories to tell. Read on to know about a few concepts that converse beyond science…

[Is everything is Our Imagination]

4. It all started from Lord Vishnu

http://themodernvedic.com/life/nadis-network-body/

Vedas say that before the creation of the universe Lord Vishnu is sleeping in the ocean of all causes. His bed is a giant serpent with thousands of cobra like hoods. While Vishnu is asleep, a lotus sprouts of his navel (note that navel is symbolized as the root of creation). Inside this lotus, Brahma resides. Brahma represents the universe which we all live in, and it is this Brahma who creates life forms.

[know about Atharva Veda]

5. The idea of multiverse

Vishnu is the personification of the eternal multiverse that exists forever without any beginning or end. Brahma is the personification of our temporary physical universe that was created in the big bang. Brahma is said to have been created from the navel (which is a single point) of Vishnu, described as a lotus blooming out of the navel, much like our big bang universe.

[Concept Of illusion]

6. A temporary place to be

Now this universe represented by Brahma is not a permanent universe, it is temporary, Brahma lives for 100 years, says the Vedas, and then dies and then a new universe (Brahma) is born. So as per Vedas, our universe lives for 100 years. Talking of time measurements – Brahma lives for hundred years say Vedas and we are in the first day of the 51st year of the Brahma.

7. Talking of symbolism

For now, Brahma represents our universe which has birth and death, a big bang and a big cruch, from a navel singularity. Vishnu represents the eternity that lies beyond our universe which has no birth or death and that which is eternal! Many such universes like ours exist in Vishnu. Vedas say that thousands of Brahmas have passed away! In other words, this is not the first time universe has been created.

[know about Vedic Origin of Islam]

8. The theory involving Purusha

http://www.hinduwebsite.com/24principles.asp

In the Rig Veda (the first scripture of Hinduism, containing spiritual and scientific knowledge) it says that the universe was created out of the parts of the body of a single cosmic man Purusha when his body was sacrificed. There the four classes (varnas) of Indian society come from his body: the priest (Brahmin) from his mouth, the warrior (Kshatritya) from his arms, the peasant (Vaishya) from his thighs, and the servant (Shudra) from his legs.

[learn about Samaveda]

9. As per the Chandogya Upanishad

In the Chandogya Upanishad it says that in the beginning was the Brahman, and through heaven, the earth, and the atmosphere and the three seasons of summer, rains, and harvest he produced the entire universe.

[Know about The Four Yugas(Ages)]

10. Where science meets Vedas

Some scientists have suggested that, following the Big Bang, the process of the expansion of the universe will eventually be reversed and at some distant point in the future will start to contract, eventually imploding into a `Big Crunch’. This could lead to another ‘Big Bang’, with a new universe being formed. This somehow relates to the present Brahma years coming to an end.

[The True Knowledge]

11. Pralaya or the Big Crunch?

A universe endures for about 4,320,000,000 years (one day of Brahma, the creator or Kalpa) and is then destroyed by fire or water elements. At this point, Brahma rests for one night, just as long as the day. This process, named Pralaya, repeats for 100 Brahma years (311 Trillion, 40 Billion Human Years) that represents Brahma’s lifespan. Brahma is regarded as a manifestation of Brahman as the creator.

[Sun the Supreme God]

12. Another theory: Born from OM

The universe is often said to be born from the sacred syllable Om, or from an inert void in which “there was neither being nor non-being …death nor non- death”, a single principle from which emerged the diversity of life. From this void desire was born, and from desire came humans, gods and demons.

[Who is Guru]

13. The theory of The Golden Egg

In earlier Vedic thinking, the universe was created by Hiranyagarbha (here interpreted as ‘the golden embryo’) or by Prajapati who was born from the Hiranyagarbha (here interpreted as ‘the golden womb’). Prajapati was later identified with the puranic Brahma. Other gods are credited with acts of creation, primarily the act of propping apart the sky and the Earth – gods who are said to have done this include Indra, Varuna and Vishnu.

[learn about Pancahtattva- The five Elements, Matter is Composed Of!]

14. The theory of zilch

According to some school of thoughts, in Hinduism, the universe had no beginning it was there always. As Sri Krishna said “Never was there a time when I did not exist, nor you, nor all these kings; nor in the future shall any of us cease to be”.

[learn about Twelve Mantras of Surya Namaskara]

15. Once there was a man and the creator

Another version of creation of the universe credits it to pure Self in the form of a man, existing alone without a Creator. It looked around and saw nothing but itself, divided itself into two parts for company and created everything in this universe. That is why it is said that a husband and wife are two halves of a single being. The husband and wife had intercourse; and from their union human beings were born.

[know about Visualization and Imagination]

16. As per Shaiva Scriptures

As per Shaiva scriptures, at first the ultimate truth “Brahman” was Shiva without any birth or death. Vishnu is formed from the Vaamanga of Shiva or the left body. Shiva is the extreme male power of the universe. From him manifested the extreme female power of the universe Sati. Then the preserver of the universe Vishnu took three forms – MahaVishnu, Garbhodakasayivisnu and Ksirodaksayi vishnu. Maha-Visnu have several Garbhodakasayivishnus in the spiritual sky.

17. Then came the Brahma

Each Garbhodakasayivishnu exhales and inhales and with each breath a Brahma is born who lives for 100 Brahma years and dies with the breath of Garbhodakasayi vishnu. Each Brahma creates a universe which comes to an end with partial annihilation after several Brahma years. And this cycle begins again.

18. As per Buddhism

Buddha taught that this world will come to an end, but that in time a new world will evolve again. Certain Karmas will cause souls to again seek life in the body; others will follow and become more and more attached to the body, developing passion, selfishness and other evils. The Buddhist scripture Saddharma Pundarikamentions that there are so many worlds beyond this one that no one “should be able to imagine, weigh, count or determine their number.”

19. As per Jainism

The Jains hold that the world, souls and time are uncreated, unbeginning and unending. The world exists through its own being and is divided into heaven, earth and hell

[know more about Concept of Heaven and Hell]

20. In Christianity

Christians and Jews believe in the making of man by God on the sixth day of creation (some 4,000 years ago) out of clay and in His own image, as told in the Book of Genesis. The Muslims believe, similarly, that Allah created Adam, the first man in Paradise, then the first woman, Hawa (Eve). There they lived a perfect life in a perfect universe, far vaster than ours. They were cast to Earth when they committed the first disobedience of God, after a jealous Satan tricked them.

 [Where do We go after Death?]

Treatment of fever with Ayurvedic Herbs

Disease is a combination of dosha, dushya, and samurchana. In this context, dosha identifies the dominant functional quality. For example, vata will cause dryness and roughness; pitta will cause excess heat and bile in the body; and kapha will increase mucus and congestion. Dushya means that which is affected – the dhatu (tissue), srotas (channel) or organ.

[Know: what is better Gym Or Yoga]

[Know about herbs for treatment of Insomnia]

 Samurchana is a biochemical amalgamation of disturbed dosha and dhatus, resulting in the doshas attacking the dhatus. At this point, the dhatus no longer perform their normal function. This complex process is called disease. Jwara roga, or fever disease, is commonly treated with Ayurvedic herbs. In each case, the physician must not only determine which doshas and dhatus are imbalanced, but also the stage of samprapti (pathogenesis) of the client. In treatment, we have to prepare a particular herbal formula for a specific condition of fever based upon the doshas involved and the dhatus affected. To have success in the healing process, one has to use herbs that are antagonistic to the dosha, the dhatu, or the pathogenesis.

[Know about natural remedies for Migraines]

[Know how to activate Digestive fire with the help of yoga] 

Herbs can fall into three general categories: dosha pratyanika (antagonistic to the prevalent dosha), vyadhi pratyanika (antagonistic to the disease), or ubhaya pratyanika (antagonistic to both the doshas and the disease). The entry of dosha and ama (toxins) into rasa dhatu (the plasma) causes fever. Jwara may be a symptom of some other condition, or it may be a disease in itself. The physician must check the deep pulse and the superficial pulse to determine the doshas and the organs affected. One must check the third level of the pulse to determine the samprapti, the stage of the disease process, and then prepare a treatment accordingly.

[how to Expand your Awareness with Meditation]

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In Dr. Lad’s article (refer to “Jwara Roga” in Ayurveda Today, Fall, 1997), the formula specified for vata jwara contains Dashamula, Sudarshan and Tagara. Dashamula is dosha pratyanika. Sudarshan is vyadhi pratyanika and Tagara is ubhaya pratyanika. Dashamula (ten roots) is the primary herb used in treating aggravated vata dosha. Sudarshan will work on reducing the fever. Tagara, from India, is similar to the Western herb Valerian. It is an analgesic, strengthens the adrenals, and decreases vata without increasing pitta. Tagara is also a nervine, sedative, and anti-spasmodic herb that is calming to vata dosha. For pitta jwara, Dr. Lad indicates Gulwel Satva, Mahasudarshan and Kama Dudha. Gulwel Satva is dosha pratyanika. The compound Mahasudarshan is vyadhi pratyanika. It regulates deep pitta and cleanses the sthayi rasa dhatu (lymphoid tissue). Kama Dudha is ubhaya pratyanika and is anti-inflammatory. For kapha jwara, Sitopaladi, Mahasudarshan, and Abhrak Bhasma are suggested.

[Do you know about Panchatattva: The Five Elements, Matter is composed of ]

[know about The Six Powers of Mind-Prana Shakti]

http://themodernvedic.com/

[learn about Ajna Chakra; The Third Eye]

Sitopaladi is dosha pratyanika. This compound is anti-pyretic and an expectorant. It is both physically and emotionally cleansing. The diaphoretic action of some herbs found in Sitopaladi help promote perspiration and improve circulation, and remove cold and flu symptoms, such as congestion, from the body. Mahasudarshan again acts as vyadhi.  pratyanika in this formula. It has a decongestive action. Abhrak Bhasma, mica ash, acts on both the dosha and the disease to arrest the pathogenesis. When it enters rasa dhatu, it yields prana and strengthens the nervous system.

[Learn about asanas for cleaning Intestines]

http://themodernvedic.com/life/bhasma-fire-bath/

[Know about the Greatest Yogic Practice]

Abhrak Bhasma is it rejuvenative substance for immunity; it improves cellular metabolism due to its potency. It goes into majja dhatu (nerve tissue) and promotes the creation of red blood cells. It is a nervine tonic and broncho-dialator. For the treatment of influenza, Sitopaladi acts as dosha pratyanika for both vata and kapha. Mahasudarshan is anti-pyretic and acts specifically on the disease. Tagara works on both the doshas and the disease process. In the herbal formula for strengthening the tissues after chronic fever, Shatavari promotes rasa and rakta dhatus (the plasma and the blood), while Bala and Ashwagandha primarily nourish majja and mamsa dhatus (the nervous system and the muscle tissues), although Bala works on all tissue elements. Bala literally means “strength” and it promotes power and energy. Ashwagandha literally means “that which has the smell of a horse”. 

[Learn more about bhasma- the Bath of Fire]

http://themodernvedic.com/page/6/

[know about Treatment of Eyes Through Ayurveda]

It gives tone and is a rejuvenative. Satvic in nature, it has a strengthening effect on both the mind and the body. There are various stages of samprapti in the different types of fevers, so treatment is not symptomatic. We must use specific formulas and recipes to solve the complex network of aggravated doshas, and disturbed dhatus, and the dosha gati (movement of the dosha – i.e., upward, downward, etc.), so that each specific formula or recipe of herbs will try to re-establish the balance of the dosha and dhatu, and to reverse the process of samprapti. In addition to the herbs, is important that recommendations for diet, bathing, bed rest and fluid consumption be observed as well, in order to bring down the fever. 

[Learn about the Nadi system(Channel Of our life force)]

[Learn about Concept of Ayurveda]

[How to Expand your consciousness with yoga]

Goals and Schools of Yoga

Goals

The ultimate goal of Yoga is moksha (liberation), although the exact definition of what form this takes depends on the philosophical or theological system with which it is conjugated.

According to Jacobsen, “Yoga has five principal meanings:^[29]

1. Yoga, as a disciplined method for attaining a goal;
2. Yoga, as techniques of controlling the body and the mind;
3. Yoga, as a name of one of the schools or systems of philosophy (darśana);
4. Yoga, in connection with other words, such as “hatha-, mantra-, and laya-,” referring to traditions specialising in particular techniques of yoga;
5. Yoga, as the goal of Yoga practice.”

According to David Gordon White, from the 5th century CE onward, the core principles of “yoga” were more or less in place, and variations of these principles developed in various forms over time:^[30]

1. Yoga, is a meditative means of discovering dysfunctional perception and cognition, as well as overcoming it for release from suffering, inner peace and salvation; illustration of this principle is found in Hindu texts such as the Bhagavad Gita and Yogasutras, in a number of Buddhist Mahāyāna works, as well as Jain texts;^[31]
2. Yoga, as the raising and expansion of consciousness from oneself to being coextensive with everyone and everything; these are discussed in sources such as in Hinduism Vedic literature and its Epic Mahābhārata, Jainism Praśamaratiprakarana, and Buddhist Nikaya texts;^[32]
3. Yoga, as a path to omniscience and enlightened consciousness enabling one to comprehend the impermanent (illusive, delusive) and permanent (true, transcendent) reality; examples are found in Hinduism Nyaya and Vaisesika school texts as well as Buddhism Mādhyamaka texts, but in different ways;^[33]
4. Yoga, as a technique for entering into other bodies, generating multiple bodies, and the attainment of other supernatural accomplishments; these are, states White, described in Tantric literature of Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as the Buddhist Sāmaññaphalasutta;^[34] James Mallinson, however, disagrees and suggests that such fringe practices are far removed from the mainstream Yoga’s goal as meditation-driven means to liberation in Indian religions.^[35]

White clarifies that the last principle relates to legendary goals of “yogi practice”, different from practical goals of “Yoga practice,” as they are viewed in South Asian thought and practice since the beginning of the Common Era, in the various Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain philosophical schools.

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Schools

The term “Yoga” has been applied to a variety of practices and methods, including Jain and Buddhist practices. In Hinduism these include Jnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Karma Yoga, Laya Yoga and Hatha Yoga.

The so-called Raja Yoga refers to Ashtanga Yoga, the eight limbs to be practiced to attain samadhi, as described in the Yoga Sutras of Pantajali.^[37] The term raja yoga originally referred to the ultimate goal of Yoga, which is usually samadhi,^[38] but was popularised by Vivekananda as the common name for Ashtanga Yoga.^[39]

Hinduism

[ THE VEDIC GUIDE ]

Classical yoga

Yoga is considered as a philosophical school in Hinduism.^[40] Yoga, in this context, is one of the six āstika schools of Hinduism (those which accept the Vedas as source of knowledge).^[41][42]

Due to the influence of Vivekananda, the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali are nowadays considered as the foundational scripture of classical Yoga, a status which it only acquired in the 20th century.^[39] Before the twentieth century, other works were considered as the most central works, such as the Bhagavad Gita and the Yoga Vasistha,^[39] while Tantric Yoga and Hatha Yoga prevailed over Ashtanga Yoga.

[ LEARN ABOUT : Sumeru Asana ]

Ashtanga yoga

Main articles: Yoga Sutras of Patanjali and Rāja yoga

Swami Vivekananda equated raja yoga with the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali.^[43]

Yoga as described in the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali refers to Ashtanga yoga.^[39] The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali is considered as a central text of the Yoga school of Hindu philosophy,^[44] It is often called “Rāja yoga”, “yoga of the kings,” a term which originally referred to the ultimate, royal goal of yoga, which is usually samadhi,^[38] but was popularised by Vivekananda as the common name for Ashtanga Yoga.^[39]

Ashtanga yoga incorporates epistemology, metaphysics, ethical practices, systematic exercises and self-development techniques for body, mind and spirit.^[45] Its epistemology (pramanas) is same as the Samkhya school. Both accept three reliable means to knowledge – perception (pratyākṣa, direct sensory observations), inference (anumāna) and testimony of trustworthy experts (sabda, agama). Both these orthodox schools are also strongly dualistic. Unlike the Sāṃkhya school of Hinduism, which pursues a non-theistic/atheistic rationalist approach, the Yogaschool of Hinduism accepts the concept of a “personal, yet essentially inactive, deity” or “personal god”.^[48][49] Along with its epistemology and metaphysical foundations, the Yogaschool of Hindu philosophy incorporates ethical precepts (yamas and niyamas) and an introspective way of life focused on perfecting one’s self physically, mentally and spiritually, with the ultimate goal being kaivalya (liberated, unified, content state of existence).

[WANT TO CLEAN YOUR INTESTINES THROUGH YOGA ? ]

Hatha yoga

Main article: Hatha yoga

A sculpture of Gorakshanath, a celebrated 11th century yogi of Nath tradition and a major proponent of Hatha yoga.^[52]

Hatha yoga, also called hatha vidyā, is a kind of Yoga focusing on physical and mental strength building exercises and postures described primarily in three texts of Hinduism:^[53][54][55]

1. Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Svātmārāma (15th century)
2. Shiva Samhita, author unknown (1500^[56] or late 17th century)
3. Gheranda Samhita by Gheranda (late 17th century)

Many scholars also include the preceding Goraksha Samhita authored by Gorakshanath of the 11th century in the above list.^[53] Gorakshanath is widely considered to have been responsible for popularizing hatha yoga as we know it today.^[57][58][59]

Vajrayana Buddhism, founded by the Indian Mahasiddhas,^[60] has a series of asanas and pranayamas, such as tummo (Sanskrit caṇḍālī)^[61] and trul khor which parallel hatha yoga.

[ YOG NIDRA ]

Shaivism

Main articles: Shaivism, Shaiva Siddhanta, and Nath

In Shaivism, Yoga is used to unite kundalini with Shiva.^[62] See also ‘tantra’ below.

[ BHASMA ]

Buddhism

Main articles: Buddhist meditation, Dhyāna in Buddhism, Yogacara, and Vajrayana

16th century Buddhist artwork in Yoga posture.

Buddhist meditation encompasses a variety of meditation techniques that aim to develop mindfulness, concentration, supramundane powers, tranquility, and insight.

Core techniques have been preserved in ancient Buddhist texts and have proliferated and diversified through teacher-student transmissions. Buddhists pursue meditation as part of the path toward Enlightenment and Nirvana.^{[note 3]} The closest words for meditation in the classical languages of Buddhism are bhāvanā^{[note 4]} and jhāna/dhyāna.^{[note 5]}

Jainism

Main article: Jain meditation

Jain meditation has been the central practice of spirituality in Jainism along with the Three Jewels.^[63] Meditation in Jainism aims at realizing the self, attain salvation, take the soul to complete freedom.^[64] It aims to reach and to remain in the pure state of soul which is believed to be pure conscious, beyond any attachment or aversion. The practitioner strives to be just a knower-seer (Gyata-Drashta). Jain meditation can be broadly categorized to the auspicious Dharmya Dhyana and Shukla Dhyana and inauspicious Artta and Raudra Dhyana.

Tantra

Main articles: Tantra, Yogi, and Siddhi

Samuel states that Tantrism is a contested concept. Tantra yoga may be described, according to Samuel, as practices in 9th to 10th century Buddhist and Hindu (Saiva, Shakti) texts, which included yogic practices with elaborate deity visualizations using geometrical arrays and drawings (mandala), fierce male and particularly female deities, transgressive life stage related rituals, extensive use of chakras and mantras, and sexual techniques, all aimed to help one’s health, long life and liberation.

[ READ MORE ABOUT : Shiva and Shakti in tantra ]

Facts of Modern Science In ancient

The core foundation of Hindu belief is that Vedas contain source of all knowledge – physical or metaphysical. However in last 100 odd years, this belief has come under scrutiny due to the advances that modern science claims to make.

[know about Concept of Heaven and Hell According to Vedas]

[How Tantra is Related to Shiva and Shakti]

An entire group of Vedic ‘experts’ have stood up to prove that Vedas contain early man theories and are not compatible with modern discoveries. These include communist historians propelled by commentaries on Vedas by western Indologists like Max Muller, Griffith et al and a new breed of intellectuals who initiate all research with assumption that ‘old means defective’. However in modern era of religious marketing, another group has come up which would go to any length to discover scientific errors in Vedas. This is the group which would want 800 million Hindus to lose faith in Vedas and their religion and embrace what they believe is the final message of God. Yes I am referring to Islamic and Christian evangelists.

[know about the Vedic Origin of Islam]

[What is Bhasma- The Bath of Fire]

While both these groups of evangelists are propelled by vision of making everyone in world a follower of their respective Holy Books, the situation is even more desperate for Quran zealots. This is because a bulk of Islamic evangelists believe that Jesus will come again towards end of the world after which they would reach Paradise forever. And an important sign of Jesus’ coming is conquest of India. I do not know the original source of this superstition, but this remains a primary motivator for most Islamic evangelists today.

[Where do we go After Death?]

[Concept of Ayurveda]

Thus every now and then, we would see references to ‘Scientific Errors in Vedas’. The typical pattern would be english translation of some mantra followed by a Veda Mantra reference. For example
“Earth is flat” – Yajur Ved 32.8

Often the reference and English translation are both pointing to sources best known to authors of these works. But for layman, these create a lot of confusion and doubt over relevance of Vedas. While I would shy away from thrusting my personal faith on Vedas, I would like to provide some excerpts from Vedas that provide clues to deep scientific concepts hidden within them.

Unfortunately, due to thousand years of slavery, burning of our universities and libraries by barbarians and then demands for tackling issues of survival first, there remains a lot of work to be done to rediscover the Vedic sciences. However, sufficient clues exist to justify why this rediscovery would be worthwhile. In this article, I shall provide some brief snippets of such clues.
[What are the 4 Yugas- Ages]

A point of note: Vedas not being dogmatic in nature and containing eternal truths, do not try to spoon-feed us. Thus Vedas would contain seeds for all forms of knowledge and would urge humans to explore further. Because in the Vedic framework, its our efforts that can provide us bliss.

MOTION OF EARTH

Rig Veda 10.22.14
“This earth is devoid of hands and legs, yet it moves ahead. All the objects over the earth also move with it. It moves around the sun.
In this mantra,
Kshaa = Earth (refer Nigantu 1.1)
Ahastaa = without hands
Apadee = without legs
Vardhat = moves ahead
Shushnam Pari = Around the sun
Pradakshinit = revolves

[What is SamaVeda]

Rig Veda 10.149.1“The sun has tied Earth and other planets through attraction and moves them around itself as if a trainer moves newly trained horses around itself holding their reins.”
In this mantra,
Savita = Sun
Yantraih = through reins
Prithiveem = Earth
Aramnaat = Ties
Dyaam Andahat = Other planets in sky as well
Atoorte = Unbreakable
Baddham = Holds
Ashwam Iv Adhukshat = Like horses

[What is Atharva Veda]

GRAVITATIONAL FORCE

[lot more facts about modern Science in vedas] 
Rig Veda 8.12.28“O Indra! by putting forth your mighty rays, which possess the qualities of gravitation and attraction-illumination and motion – keep up the entire universe in order through the Power of your attraction.”
Rig Veda 1.6.5, Rig Veda 8.12.30“O God, You have created this Sun. You possess infinite power. You are upholding the sun and other spheres and render them steadfast by your power of attraction.
Yajur Veda 33.43“The sun moves in its own orbit in space taking along with itself the mortal bodies like earth through force of attraction.”
Rig Veda 1.35.9“The sun moves in its own orbit but holding earth and other heavenly bodies in a manner that they do not collide with each other through force of attraction.
Rig Veda 1.164.13
“Sun moves in its orbit which itself is moving. Earth and other bodies move around sun due to force of attraction, because sun is heavier than them.
Atharva Veda 4.11.1“The sun has held the earth and other planets”

[know about Non- Dualistic Philosophy]

LIGHT OF MOON

Rig Veda 1.84.15“The moving moon always receives a ray of light from sun”
Rig Veda 10.85.9“Moon decided to marry. Day and Night attended its wedding. And sun gifted his daughter “Sun ray” to Moon.”

[How Astrology Works – Scientific Explaination]

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Rig Veda 5.40.5

“O Sun! When you are blocked by the one whom you gifted your own light (moon), then earth gets scared by sudden darkness.”
“SCIENCE OF BUILDING SHIPS AND AIRPLANES”Swami Dayanand has detailed Mantras regarding these in his Vedic commentary and Introduction to Vedas” (1876). The scientists of IISc concluded that the mechanism of airplane as suggested by Dayanand is feasible. The first manned plane was built 20 years after death of Swami Dayanand.

The verses are difficult to translate in English here, but readers are advised to review “Introduction to Vedas” by Swami Dayanand or interpretations of following mantras: Rig Veda 1.116.3, 1.116.4, 10.62.1, 1.116.5, 1.116.6, 1.34.2, 1.34.7, 1.48.8 etc.

[know the Scientific Meaning Of Gayatri Mantra]

SCIENCE OF TELEGRAPHY

[learn about the kinds of vibration Patterns in the universe]

Rig Veda 1.119.10“With the help of bipolar forces (Asvins), you should employ telegraphic apparatus made of good conductor of electricity. It is necessary for efficient military operations but should be used with caution.”

A Brief Intro. About Vedas

Introduction

The word ‘Veda’ comes from the root ‘Vid – to know, leading to ‘Vidya’, knowledge which leads

further to vision, meaning revelation, self-realization. 

The Veda is the book of knowledge of Changeless Reality. The four Vedas form a body of religious literature called Shruti. ‘Shruti’ means ‘heard’, experienced and ‘spiritually revealed’. The realized souls, the Rishis, responded to the divine vibrators around them and in their minds and hearts felt and experienced ecstasy. This ecstasy they expressed in the form of Hymns of praise to glory of nature and later prayers to the gods controlling nature.

To know about: How did life come into existence (Vedic Theory)

The Vedas are personal and eternal. Eternal in the sense that the seers intuited pre-existent truths. The knowledge of ‘Self’ that they acquired was there eternally, they discovered – or rediscovered – this eternal treasure of knowledge.

The texts have come down to us orally from generation to generation of priests with perfection in intonation and rhythm, from memory and by rote.

The Vedas are classified into four groups: the Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda and Atharva Veda. There are Samhitas, Brahmans, Aranyaks and Upanishads belonging to each of these four Vedas.

Know About : Time, Space and Matter

Rig Veda

The Rig Veda is the earliest and the most important of all Shruti literature. It consists of 1028 hymns of praise. One of the most important ideas that come out of the Rig Veda is Rta. Rta means cosmic and sacred order, an ultimate and harmonic integrated structure of reality. ‘Rite’ and ‘right’ both come from the word Rta.

know About : How did Life Come Into Existence

The Rig Veda was not composed during any historically determinable, particular period of time. It is the collective output of many sages and visionaries, known as Rishis. They went on adding Mantras, songs and prayers and glorifications of nature, over several centuries. Many of these spontaneous exultation provide inspiring insights into the eternal truths of nature and the universe.

The Vedic poet enunciated the truth by declaring “The Truth is one but the wise call it variously”. “Eakam sat Viprah bahudha vadanti.”

Yajur Veda

Gives directions for the performance of rituals and ceremonies. for more information about Yajur Veda click here

http://www.indianmirror.com/scriptures/vedas.html

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Sama Veda

Sets to music hymns from the Rig Veda, to be chanted at appropriate stages with correct modulations and intonations. Our classical music has its roots in this Veda.

Know About : Colour Meditation.

Atharva Veda

Deals mostly with ethical principles, and also some branches of science like Ayurveda (the science of health and longevity). It has sections dealing with Tantras (literally threads) and other ritualistic esoteric knowledge.

Know About :  The Creator – Lord Brahma

BHAGVAD GITA

Meaning : The Vedas (/ˈveɪdəz/; Sanskrit: वेद veda, “knowledge”) are a large body of knowledge texts originating in the ancient Indian subcontinent. Composed by ancient Aryans in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest scriptures of Hinduism.

 “Song of the Lord”), often referred to as simply the Gita, is a 700 verse Hindu scripture in Sanskrit that is part of the Hindu epic.
[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]
.Mahabharata.
What does the Gita teach us?
The Bhagavad Gita is a conversation between Arjuna and Lord Krishna. … Krishna explains to Arjuna why his ‘Kshatriya dharma’s is supreme when at the battle field and how he could reaffirm dharma through his act. One write-up might not do justice to explain what the Gita really says or teaches mankind
What Bhagavad Gita teaches us?
Srimad Bhagavad Gita is a divine song sung by Lord Krishna. It is 5,151 years old yet it is still absolutely new and relevant in today’s time. … Gita, apart from being a religious scripture, is a scripture of life as.

The epic Mahabharata is traditionally ascribed to the Sage Vyasa; the Bhagavad Gita, being a part of the Mahabharata’s Bhishma Parva, is also ascribed to him
Chapters of Bhagvad Gita ?
Bhagavad Gita comprises 18 chapters (section 25 to 42) in the Bhishma Parva of the epic Mahabharata and consists of 700 verses. Because of differences in recensions, the verses of the Gita may be numbered in the full text of the Mahabharata as chapters 6.25–42 or as chapters 6.23–40.
Chapter 1: Observing the Armies on the Battlefield of Kuruksetra:As the opposing armies stand poised for battle, Arjuna, the mighty warrior, sees his intimate relatives, teachers and friends in both armies ready to fight and sacrifice their lives.
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Chapter 2 – Srimad Bhagavad-Gita:Contents of the Gita Summarized :chapter two Arjuna accepts the position as a disciple of Lord Krishna after surrendering to Krishna he requests the Lord to instruct him in how to dispel his lamentation and grief. This chapter is a summary of the emtire Bhagavad-Gita. Many subjects are explained such as: karma yoga, jnana yoga, sankhya yoga, buddhi yoga and the atma which is the soul and the supersoul.
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[ Breathing Patterns and Mind (Exercises to Unlock your Subconsciousness) ]

 ,,
CHAPTER 3 Karma-yoga:Everyone must engage in some sort of activity in this material world. But actions can either bind one to this world or liberate one from it. By acting for the pleasure of the Supreme, without selfish motives, one can be liberated from karma.
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[Gita ]
[ Vedio ]
[Gita ]
[Yoga ]
[ Light and Time ]

[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]
 Chapter 4: Transcendental KnowledgeTranscendental knowledge–the spiritual knowledge of the soul, God, and of their relationship–is both purifying and liberating. Such knowledge is the fruit of selfless devotional action. (karma yoga)
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[ Bhavad gita ]
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[Hindigita ][
[ Light and Time ]

[ Creation And God ]

Shiva and Shakti in Tantra
.
Chapter 5:  Karma yoga–Action in Krsna Consciousness:Outwardly performing all actions but inwardly renouncing their fruits, the wise man, purified by the fire of transcendental knowledge, attains peace, detachment, forbearance, spiritual vision and bliss.
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[ Gitachapter5 ]
[Gitaorg ]
[ Philosophygita ]
[ Watch youtube ]
[ Speakingtree ]
[ Unlocking the True Potentials of your subconscious through the Practice of Gazing ]

 Chapter 6 – Dhyana Yoga – The Yoga of Meditation: Dhyana Yoga channel provides information on Dhyana Yoga Meditation, Dhyana Yoga In Hindi, How to do Dhyana Yoga in hindi language.
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[ Gitachapter 6 ]
[Bhagvadgita ]
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srimadbhagavadgita.net/bhagavad-gita-chapter-6
[Santoshgita ]
[Webduna ]
[ Is Cow Urine good or bad ? ]

 Chapter 7: Knowledge of the Absolute:Lord Krishna is the Supreme Truth, the supreme cause and the sustaining force of everything, both material and spiritual. Advanced souls surrender unto Him in devotion, whereas impious souls divert their minds to other objects of worship.

[ Natural Teas for Weight Loss ]
[ Shiva and Shakti in Tantra ] 
]  Harsringar – Nycthanthes Arbortristis(Night Jasmine/Parijata ]
[ 8 Health Benefits of Avocado Oil ]

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[ Outer and Inner Skies of the Mind ]
Chapter 8: Attaining the Supreme :By remembering Lord Krishna in devotion throughout one’s life, and especially at the time of death, one can attain to His supreme abode, beyond the material world.


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[ Bhagvad chapter8 ]
[ Summary ]
[SathyaSai gita ]
[Society gita ]
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[ Outer and Inner Skies of the Mind ]

[ Panchatattva: The Five Elements, Matter is composed of ! ]

Chapter 9: The Most Confidential Knowledge:Lord Krishna is the Supreme Godhead and the supreme object of worship. The soul is eternally related to Him through transcendental devotional service (bhakti). By reviving one’s pure devotion one returns to Krishna in the spiritual realm.
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[ Bhaktigita ]
[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]
] Harsringar – Nycthanthes Arbortristis(Night Jasmine/Parijata ]
[ 8 Health Benefits of Avocado Oil ]

Chapter 10: The Opulence of the Absolute:All wondrous phenomena showing power, beauty, grandeur or sublimity, either in the material world or in the spiritual, are but partial manifestations of Krishna’s divine energies and opulence.
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[ youtube ]
[Bhagvadgita  chapter10
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[ Watchyoutube ]
[ Visualization and Imagination ]
[ Guru ]

[ Bhagvad gita ]

 Chapter 11: The Universal Form: Lord Krishna grants Arjuna divine vision and reveals His spectacular unlimited form as the cosmic universe. Thus He conclusively establishes His divinity. Krishna explains that His own all-beautiful human-like form is the original form of god. .https://asitis.com/11
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[ Smoking tea !!! ]
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[ 9 Plants that repel Unwanted Insects ]

 Chapter 12: Devotional Service: Bhakti yoga, pure devotional service to Lord Krishna, is the highest and most exxpedient means for attaining pure love for Krishna, which is the highest end of spiriitual existence.
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[ Natural Pesticides ]
[ Natural Remedy to become a Zombie (Seriously) ]


 Chapter 13: Nature, the Enjoyer, and Consciousness: One who understands the difference between the body, the soul and the Supersoul beyond them both attains liberation from the material world.    IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE  YOU CAN GO HERE :
[ Bhagvadgitachapter13 ]
[ Universe krishna ]
[  Bhagvadgita ]
[ Newcombfile ]
[ How to Use Faith to cure yourself ? ]
[ Effect of Music on Plants ]
Natural Pesticides ]
[ Natural Remedy to become a Zombie (Seriously)] 

 Chapter 14: The Three Modes Of Material Nature: All embodied souls are under the control of the three modes, or qualities, of material nature; goodness, passion and ignorance. Lord Krishna explains what these modes are, how they act upon us, how one transcends them, and the symptoms of one who has attained the transcendental state.
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[ Bhagvadgitachapter14 ]
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[Creativesulekha ]
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[ Miseries and Happiness (Vedic Philosophy) ]
[ The Fourth State of Mind ]

[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]






 Chapter 15: The Yoga of the Supreme Person: The ultimate purpose of Vedic knowledge is to detach oneself from the entanglement of the the material world and to understand Lord Krishna as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. One who understands Krishna’s supreme identity surrenders unto Him and engages in His devotional service.
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[ Bhagvad gitachapter15 ]
.[ Holybhagvadgita ]
[ Watchyoutubexusu3bogh ]

[ How to Use Faith to cure yourself ? ]
[ Effect of Music on Plants
] Natural Pesticides ]
[ Natural Remedy to become a Zombie (Seriously) ]

 Chapter 16: The Divine And Demoniac Natures: Those who possess demoniac qualities and who live whimsically, without following the regulations of scripture, attain lower births and further material bondage. But those who possess divine qualities and live regulated lives gradually attain spiritual perfection.
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[ Bhagvadgitachapter16 ]
[ Bhagvadgita123 ]
[ Watchyoutubesigez3 ].
[ Sanskritblogspot ]
[ Divyaroopasampad ]
Algae Fuel or Algal Fuel ]
[ Miseries and Happiness (Vedic Philosophy) ]
[ The Fourth State of Mind

[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]
 Chapter 17: The Divisions of Faith: There are three types of faith, corresponding to and evolving from the three modes of material nature. Acts performed by those whose faith is in passion and ignorance yield only impermanent, material results, whereas acts performed in goodness, in accord with scriptural injunctions, purify the heart.
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,[Watchytoutubeafyypjo ]
 [ Bhagvadgitaorg ]
 [ Sharddhavibagyog ]

[ Natural Pesticides ]
[ Natural Remedy to become a Zombie (Seriously) 

Chapter 18: Conclusion–The Perfection of Renunciation: Krishna explains the meaning of renunciation and the effects of the modes of nature on human consciousness and activity. He explains Brahman realization, the glories of the Bhagavad  Gita, and the ultimate conclusion of the Gita the highest path of religion is absolute unconditional loving service unto Lord Krishna.
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[ Bhagavadgitachapter18 ] 
[ Waaatchyoutubeumazx ]
[ Hinduismholybhagvadgita ]

[ Visualization and Imagination ]
[ Guru ]

People who played major roles in the GITA

Who was the Krishna?

Krishna,  one of the most widely revered and most popular of all Indian divinities, worshiped as the eighth incarnation (avatar, or avatara) of the Hindu god Vishnu and also as a supreme god in his own right.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE:

[ Aboutkrishna ] 

[ Pinterestexplore ]
[ Watchyoutubev=ajtosm23zu ]

[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]

Suryaputra Karn 

:Chronicles the journey of Karna, the son of Surya and Kunti, who is regarded as one of the most important figures of the Mahabharata and explores how he became a hero using his might and power.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE:

[Watchyoutubev=d002ovwele ]

[ Watchyoutubev=sxdycwmz4 ]

[ Wikipedia.org/wiki ]            

How did Karna born:

   Karna was the son of Surya and Kunti, born to Kunti before her marriage with pandu. Karna was the closest friend of Duryodhana and fought on his behalf against the pandavas (his brothers) in the kurukshetra War. … It is believed that Karna founded the city of karnal, in present haryana.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE::

[ Wikikaran/org ]

[Suryaputra/Hanuman ]

[ Lifestyle>whoweare ]

Who took Karna’s kavach?

As far as I know it’s not in this earth anymore because Indra, the king of the Devas and the father of Arjuna, realized that Karna would be invincible in battle and unable to be killed as long as he had his kavach and kundal. He approaches Karna as a poor Brahmin during Karna’s sun-worship.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE:

[ Watchyoutubev=anbnqhexbq ]

[ Karan/kundal/kaavach still exist ]

 [ Wiki/org/karan ]

How did Karna really die?


 As he got down to fix the wheel he requested Arjuna to stop the battle.(In lieu of general war etiquette.) However Krishna coaxed Arjun to continue the attack stating that Karna had broken the war etiquettes during the attack against Abhimanyu(Arjun’s son). And so, Arjun finally killed Karna using the Anjalika

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Creativesulekha ]

[ Watchyoutube/v=d002 ]

.[ Indiapinesentertainment ]

i

Who is the best Karna or Arjun?

The Shakti, Arjuna, The Shakti. He could use it only once. Karna could have easily killed you with his Shakti, and the war would then be in favor of the Kauravas. Bheeshma and Drona have scofed at him, because they believed that you were invincible, but Duryodhana loves Karna more.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Watchyoutubev=g ]

[ Indiapines/post ]

[ Sonylivdetail ]

Who was Abimanyu?

Abhimanyu (Sanskrit: अभिमन्यु) was the son of Arjuna and Subhadra. He was the nephew of Lord Krishna and was married to Uttara, the princess of Matsya Kingdom.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Hindupedia/abimanyu ]

[ Wikipediaorg/abimanyu ]

[ Speakingtree/deathabimanyu ]t

[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]
How did Abhimanyu learn about chakravyuha?

When he was in womb of Subhadra , another wife of Arjuna, he heard the strategy told by Arjuna to Subhadra about to enter inside chakravyuh. But when Arjuna was telling strategy to come out of it by breaking it, he slept so didn’t learnt about it.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Abimanyu/org ]

[ Hindupedia mahabharat ]

[ Wisdomlib ]






Bheesma: In the epic Mahabharata, Bhishma was well known for his pledge of celibacy. The eighth son of Kuru King Shantanu and the goddess Gaṅgā, Bhishma was blessed with wish-long life and was related to both the Pandava and the Kaurava.. 
Parents: Shantanu, Ganga
Siblings: Chitrangad, Vichitravirya

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Beeshmamahabharat ]

[ Bheesma/wikiorg ]

[ Bheesmainmahabharat ]

Who killed bhisma?

     Using Sikhandhi as a shield, Arjuna shot arrows at Bhishma, piercing his entire body. Thus, as was preordained (Mahadeva’s boon to Amba that she would be the cause of Bhishma’s death) Shikhandi, that is, Amba reincarnated was the cause of Bhishma’s fall.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Wikipediaorg/wiki/bheesma ]

[ Howdidbeeshmadie ]

[ Quora whokilledbeesma ]

Drona
  In the epic Mahabharata, Droņa (Sanskrit: द्रोण, Droņa) or Droņacharya or Guru Droņa was the royal preceptor to the Kauravas and Pandavas and incarnation of Brahma; an avatar of Brihaspati. He was the son of rishi Bharadwaja and a descendant of the sage Angirasa..
Teacher(s): Agnivesa
Parent(s): Bharadwaja

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Drona/org ]

[ Unblievabledronacharta ]


[ Indiaintroreligion ]


Ashwatthama: Ashwatthama or Ashwatthaman or Drauni was the son of guru Drona and he is the grandson of the Brahmin sage Bharadwaja. Ashwatthama is a mighty Maharathi who fought on the Kaurava side against the Pandavas .

Ashwatthama (Sanskrit: अश्वत्थामा, Aśvatthāmā) or Ashwatthaman (Sanskrit: अश्वत्थामन्, Aśvatthāman) or Drauni was the son of guru Drona and he is the grandson of the Brahmin sage Bharadwaja. Ashwatthama is a mighty Maharathi[1] who fought on the Kaurava side against the Pandavas. Ashwatthama is considered as avatar of one of the eleven Rudras and one of the seven Chiranjivi. Along with his maternal uncle Kripa, Ashwatthama is believed to be a living survivor of the Kurukshetra War.[2] The rumours about his death led to the death of Drona by Prince Dhrishtadyumna. The final commander-in-chief of the Kauravas, Ashwatthama slaughters many in the Pandava camp in a sneak attack. After Arjuna and Karna, Ashwatthama killed most number of warriors in the Kurukshetra war.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[Org/ashwatthama ]

[ Daily bhaskar ]


[ Jeevanmantra ]







Mystery:


 He was the one who changed the end of Kurukshetra War. He was the son of Dronacharya and Kripi (sister of Kripacharya). Ashwathama along with his father Guru Dronacharya fought in the battle of Mahabharat from the Kauravas side against the Pandavas

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Wikipediaashswatthama ]

[ Funbuzz time ] 


 [ Watchyoutube ]
.




Mahabharat: 8 Shocking facts about Ashwathama you won’t believe:

  There are very less people who are aware of Ashwathama from the Mahabharat since Arjun, Duryodhan, Bheem, Krishna and other characters took all the attention. But Ashwathama was the only one who played an important role in Mahabharat. He was the one who changed the end of Kurukshetra War.


He was the son of Dronacharya and Kripi (sister of Kripacharya). Ashwathama along with his father Guru Dronacharya fought in the battle of Mahabharat from the Kauravas side against the Pandavas.


There were some really astonishing things about this character that many people don’t know about. We will tell you about those here.

IF YOU WANT TO READ MORE YOU CAN GO HERE

[ Shockingfactsashwatthama ]

[ Wiki/ashwatthama ]

[ Youtubewatch ]

:

[ REFER TO THE VEDIC GUIDE ]

People who played major roles in the Gita
Who is the Krishna?
Krishna, Sanskrit Kṛṣṇa, one of the most widely revered and most popular of all Indian divinities, worshipped as the eighth incarnation (avatar, or avatara) of the Hindu god Vishnu and also as a supreme god in his own right
[ Unlocking the True Potentials of your subconscious through the Practice of Gazing ]

Suryaputra Karn :Chronicles the journey of Karna, the son of Surya and Kunti, who is regarded as one of the most important figures of the Mahabharata and explores how he became a hero using his might and power.
How did Karna born:  Karna was the son of Surya and Kunti, born to Kunti before her marriage with Pandu. Karna was the closest friend of Duryodhana and fought on his behalf against the Pandavas (his brothers) in the Kurukshetra War. … It is believed that Karna founded the city of Karnal, in present Haryana.
Who took Karna’s kavach?
As far as I know it’s not in this earth anymore because Indra, the king of the Devas and the father of Arjuna, realized that Karna would be invincible in battle and unable to be killed as long as he had his kavach and kundal. He approaches Karna as a poor Brahmin during Karna’s sun-worship.
How did Karna really die?
 As he got down to fix the wheel he requested Arjuna to stop the battle.(In lieu of general war etiquette.) However Krishna coaxed Arjun to continue the attack stating that Karna had broken the war etiquettes during the attack against Abhimanyu(Arjun’s son). And so, Arjun finally killed Karna using the Anjalika.
Who is the best Karna or Arjun?
The Shakti, Arjuna, The Shakti. He could use it only once. Karna could have easily killed you with his Shakti, and the war would then be in favor of the Kauravas. Bheeshma and Drona have scofed at him, because they believed that you were invincible, but Duryodhana loves Karna more.
Who was Abimanyu?
Abhimanyu (Sanskrit: अभिमन्यु) was the son of Arjuna and Subhadra. He was the nephew of Lord Krishna and was married to Uttara, the princess of Matsya Kingdom.
How did Abhimanyu learn about chakravyuha?
When he was in womb of Subhadra , another wife of Arjuna, he heard the strategy told by Arjuna to Subhadra about to enter inside chakravyuh. But when Arjuna was telling strategy to come out of it by breaking it, he slept so didn’t learnt about it.

Bheesma: In the epic Mahabharata, Bhishma was well known for his pledge of celibacy. The eighth son of Kuru King Shantanu and the goddess Gaṅgā, Bhishma was blessed with wish-long life and was related to both the Pandava and the Kaurava. Wikipedia
Parents: Shantanu, Ganga
Siblings: Chitrangad, Vichitravirya

Who killed bhisma?     Using Sikhandhi as a shield, Arjuna shot arrows at Bhishma, piercing his entire body. Thus, as was preordained (Mahadeva’s boon to Amba that she would be the cause of Bhishma’s death) Shikhandi, that is, Amba reincarnated was the cause of Bhishma’s fall.
Drona. … In the epic Mahabharata, Droņa (Sanskrit: द्रोण, Droņa) or Droņacharya or Guru Droņa was the royal preceptor to the Kauravas and Pandavas and incarnation of Brahma; an avatar of Brihaspati. He was the son of rishi Bharadwaja and a descendant of the sage Angirasa.
Teacher(s): Agnivesa
Parent(s): Bharadwaja

Ashwatthama: Ashwatthama or Ashwatthaman or Drauni was the son of guru Drona and he is the grandson of the Brahmin sage Bharadwaja. Ashwatthama is a mighty Maharathi who fought on the Kaurava side against the Pandavas .

Ashwatthama (Sanskrit: अश्वत्थामा, Aśvatthāmā) or Ashwatthaman (Sanskrit: अश्वत्थामन्, Aśvatthāman) or Drauni was the son of guru Drona and he is the grandson of the Brahmin sage Bharadwaja. Ashwatthama is a mighty Maharathi[1] who fought on the Kaurava side against the Pandavas. Ashwatthama is considered as avatar of one of the eleven Rudras and one of the seven Chiranjivi. Along with his maternal uncle Kripa, Ashwatthama is believed to be a living survivor of the Kurukshetra War.[2] The rumours about his death led to the death of Drona by Prince Dhrishtadyumna. The final commander-in-chief of the Kauravas, Ashwatthama slaughters many in the Pandava camp in a sneak attack. After Arjuna and Karna, Ashwatthama killed most number of warriors in the Kurukshetra war.
Mystery:  He was the one who changed the end of Kurukshetra War. He was the son of Dronacharya and Kripi (sister of Kripacharya). Ashwathama along with his father Guru Dronacharya fought in the battle of Mahabharat from the Kauravas side against the Pandavas
Mahabharat: 8 Shocking facts about Ashwathama you won’t believe:  There are very less people who are aware of Ashwathama from the Mahabharat since Arjun, Duryodhan, Bheem, Krishna and other characters took all the attention. But Ashwathama was the only one who played an important role in Mahabharat. He was the one who changed the end of Kurukshetra War.

He was the son of Dronacharya and Kripi (sister of Kripacharya). Ashwathama along with his father Guru Dronacharya fought in the battle of Mahabharat from the Kauravas side against the Pandavas.

There were some really astonishing things about this character that many people don’t know about. We will tell you about those here.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ndG5r8nEQ1w

[ Breathing Patterns and Mind (Exercises to Unlock your Subconsciousness) ]

Theory of Death

“Dead” and “Dying” redirect here. For the coloring process, see Dyeing. For other uses, see Dead (disambiguation) and Death (disambiguation).

Allegory of death: skeleton holding banderolle “Vigilate quia nescitis diem …”, anon., possibly Dutch or German. Made c.1600

Death is the cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism. Phenomena which commonly bring about death include senescence, predation, malnutrition, disease, suicide, homicide, starvation, dehydration, and accidents or trauma resulting in terminal injury. In most cases, bodies of living organisms begin to decompose shortly after death.

Death – particularly the death of humans – has commonly been considered a sad or unpleasant occasion, due to the affection for the being that has died and the termination of social and familial bonds with the deceased. Other concerns include fear of death, necrophobia, anxiety, sorrow, grief, emotional pain, depression, sympathy, compassion, solitude, or saudade. Many cultures and religions have the idea of an afterlife, and also hold the idea of reward or judgement and punishment for past sin.

[ Concept of Heaven and hell ]

[ The Real Treasure Within You ]

[ Where do we go after death? ]

[ Beyond birth and death ]

Etymology

The word death comes from Old English dēaþ, which in turn comes from Proto-Germanic *dauþuz (reconstructed by etymological analysis). This comes from the Proto-Indo-European stem *dheu- meaning the “Process, act, condition of dying”.

[ Wikipedia ]

[ etymononline ]

[ Dictionary ]

[ Webmaster ]

[ CREATION AND GOD ]

[ Where do we go after death? ]

[ Beyond birth and death ]

Associated terms

The concept and symptoms of death, and varying degrees of delicacy used in discussion in public forums, have generated numerous scientific, legal, and socially acceptable terms or euphemisms for death. When a person has died, it is also said they have passed away, passed on, expired, or are gone, among numerous other socially accepted, religiously specific, slang, and irreverent terms. Bereft of life, the dead person is then a corpse, cadaver, a body, a set of remains, and when all flesh has rotted away, a skeleton. The terms carrion and carcass can also be used, though these more often connote the remains of non-human animals. As a polite reference to a dead person, it has become common practice to use the participle form of “decease”, as in the deceased; another noun form is decedent. The ashes left after a cremation are sometimes referred to by the neologism cremains, a portmanteau of “cremation” and “remains”.

 [ Search death ]

[ Brain quote ]

[ Ted topic death ]

[ Wiki/death/org ]

[ what is purpose of life ]

[ CREATION AND GOD ]

[ Where do we go after death? ]

[ Beyond birth and death ]

[ How to use faith cure yourself? ]

Senescence

A dead Eurasian magpie

Senescence refers to a scenario when a living being is able to survive all calamities, but eventually dies due to causes relating to old age. Animal and plant cells normally reproduce and function during the whole period of natural existence, but the aging process derives from deterioration of cellular activity and ruination of regular functioning. Aptitude of cells for gradual deterioration and mortality means that cells are naturally sentenced to stable and long-term loss of living capacities, even despite continuing metabolic reactions and viability. In the United Kingdom, for example, nine out of ten of all the deaths that occur on a daily basis relates to senescence, while around the world it accounts for two-thirds of 150,000 deaths that take place daily (Hayflick & Moody, 2003).

Almost all animals who survive external hazards to their biological functioning eventually die from biological aging, known in life sciences as “senescence”. Some organisms experience negligible senescence, even exhibiting biological immortality. These include the jellyfish Turritopsis dohrnii, the hydra, and the planarian. Unnatural causes of death include suicide and homicide. From all causes, roughly 150,000 people die around the world each day. Of these, two thirds die directly or indirectly due to senescence, but in industrialized countries—such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany—the rate approaches 90%, i.e., nearly nine out of ten of all deaths are related to senescence.

Physiological death is now seen as a process, more than an event: conditions once considered indicative of death are now reversible. Where in the process a dividing line is drawn between life and death depends on factors beyond the presence or absence of vital signs. In general, clinical death is neither necessary nor sufficient for a determination of legal death. A patient with working heart and lungs determined to be brain dead can be pronounced legally dead without clinical death occurring. As scientific knowledge and medicineadvance, formulating a precise medical definition of death becomes more difficult.

[ Wikipedia./org/wiki/senescence ]

[ Ncbi/gov 19149578 ]

[ Nlm/gov ]

[ Nature ]

[ Concept of Heaven and hell ]

[ The Real Treasure Within You ]

[ what is purpose of life ]

[ CREATION AND GOD ]

[ Where do we go after death? ]

[ Beyond birth and death ]

[ How did life come into existence ]

Diagnosis

Number of deaths per million persons in 2012

  1054-4,598

  4,599-5,516

  5,517-6,289

  6,290-6,835

  6,836-7,916

  7,917-8,728

  8,729-9,404

  9,405-10,433

  10,434-12,233

  12,234-17,141

Signs

Signs of death or strong indications that a warm-blooded animal is no longer alive are:

• Respiratory arrest (no breathing)
• Cardiac arrest (no pulse)
• Pallor mortis, paleness which happens in the 15–120 minutes after death
• Livor mortis, a settling of the blood in the lower (dependent) portion of the body
• Algor mortis, the reduction in body temperature following death. This is generally a steady decline until matching ambient temperature
• Rigor mortis, the limbs of the corpse become stiff (Latin rigor) and difficult to move or manipulate
• Decomposition, the reduction into simpler forms of matter, accompanied by a strong, unpleasant odor.

[ Acedamic/bjed ]

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problems of definition

A flower, a skull and an hourglass stand for life, death and time in this 17th-century painting by Philippe de Champaigne

French – 16th-/17th-century ivory pendant, Monk and Death, recalling mortality and the certainty of death (Walters Art Museum)

The concept of death is a key to human understanding of the phenomenon. There are many scientific approaches to the concept. For example, brain death, as practiced in medical science, defines death as a point in time at which brain activity ceases.

One of the challenges in defining death is in distinguishing it from life. As a point in time, death would seem to refer to the moment at which life ends. Determining when death has occurred requires drawing precise conceptual boundaries between life and death. This is difficult, due to there being little consensus on how to define life. This general problem applies to the particular challenge of defining death in the context of medicine.

It is possible to define life in terms of consciousness. When consciousness ceases, a living organism can be said to have died. One of the flaws in this approach is that there are many organisms which are alive but probably not conscious (for example, single-celled organisms). Another problem is in defining consciousness, which has many different definitions given by modern scientists, psychologists and philosophers. Additionally, many religious traditions, including Abrahamic and Dharmic traditions, hold that death does not (or may not) entail the end of consciousness. In certain cultures, death is more of a process than a single event. It implies a slow shift from one spiritual state to another.

Other definitions for death focus on the character of cessation of something. In this context “death” describes merely the state where something has ceased, for example, life. Thus, the definition of “life” simultaneously defines death.

Historically, attempts to define the exact moment of a human’s death have been subjective, or imprecise. Death was once defined as the cessation of heartbeat (cardiac arrest) and of breathing, but the development of CPR and prompt defibrillation have rendered that definition inadequate because breathing and heartbeat can sometimes be restarted. Events which were causally linked to death in the past no longer kill in all circumstances; without a functioning heart or lungs, life can sometimes be sustained with a combination of life support devices, organ transplants and artificial pacemakers.

Today, where a definition of the moment of death is required, doctors and coroners usually turn to “brain death” or “biological death” to define a person as being dead; people are considered dead when the electrical activity in their brain ceases. It is presumed that an end of electrical activity indicates the end of consciousness. Suspension of consciousness must be permanent, and not transient, as occurs during certain sleep stages, and especially a coma. In the case of sleep, EEGs can easily tell the difference.

The category of “brain death” is seen as problematic by some scholars. For instance, Dr. Franklin Miller, senior faculty member at the Department of Bioethics, National Institutes of Health, notes: “By the late 1990s… the equation of brain death with death of the human being was increasingly challenged by scholars, based on evidence regarding the array of biological functioning displayed by patients correctly diagnosed as having this condition who were maintained on mechanical ventilation for substantial periods of time. These patients maintained the ability to sustain circulation and respiration, control temperature, excrete wastes, heal wounds, fight infections and, most dramatically, to gestate fetuses (in the case of pregnant “brain-dead” women).”

Those people maintaining that only the neo-cortex of the brain is necessary for consciousness sometimes argue that only electrical activity should be considered when defining death. Eventually it is possible that the criterion for death will be the permanent and irreversible loss of cognitive function, as evidenced by the death of the cerebral cortex. All hope of recovering human thought and personality is then gone given current and foreseeable medical technology. At present, in most places the more conservative definition of death – irreversible cessation of electrical activity in the whole brain, as opposed to just in the neo-cortex – has been adopted (for example the Uniform Determination Of Death Act in the United States). In 2005, the Terri Schiavo case brought the question of brain death and artificial sustenance to the front of American politics.

Even by whole-brain criteria, the determination of brain death can be complicated. EEGs can detect spurious electrical impulses, while certain drugs, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, or hypothermia can suppress or even stop brain activity on a temporary basis. Because of this, hospitals have protocols for determining brain death involving EEGs at widely separated intervals under defined conditions.

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Legal

The death of a person has legal consequences that may vary between different jurisdictions. A death certificate is issued in most jurisdictions, either by a doctor, or by an administrative office upon presentation of a doctor’s declaration of death.

Misdiagnosed

Antoine Wiertz‘s painting of a man buried alive

There are many anecdotal references to people being declared dead by physicians and then “coming back to life”, sometimes days later in their own coffin, or when embalming procedures are about to begin. From the mid-18th century onwards, there was an upsurge in the public’s fear of being mistakenly buried alive, and much debate about the uncertainty of the signs of death. Various suggestions were made to test for signs of life before burial, ranging from pouring vinegar and pepper into the corpse’s mouth to applying red hot pokers to the feet or into the rectum. Writing in 1895, the physician J.C. Ouseley claimed that as many as 2,700 people were buried prematurely each year in England and Wales, although others estimated the figure to be closer to 800.

In cases of electric shock, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for an hour or longer can allow stunned nerves to recover, allowing an apparently dead person to survive. People found unconscious under icy water may survive if their faces are kept continuously cold until they arrive at an emergency room. This “diving response”, in which metabolic activity and oxygen requirements are minimal, is something humans share with cetaceans called the mammalian diving reflex.As medical technologies advance, ideas about when death occurs may have to be re-evaluated in light of the ability to restore a person to vitality after longer periods of apparent death (as happened when CPR and defibrillation showed that cessation of heartbeat is inadequate as a decisive indicator of death). The lack of electrical brain activity may not be enough to consider someone scientifically dead. Therefore, the concept of information-theoretic death has been suggested as a better means of defining when true death occurs, though the concept has few practical applications outside of the field of cryonics.

There have been some scientific attempts to bring dead organisms back to life, but with limited success. In science fiction scenarios where such technology is readily available, real death is distinguished from reversible death.

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[ Protecting patient ]

[ Abcnet news/au ]

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Cause

The leading cause of human death in developing countries is infectious disease. The leading causes in developed countries are atherosclerosis (heart disease and stroke), cancer, and other diseases related to obesity and aging. By an extremely wide margin, the largest unifying cause of death in the developed world is biological aging, leading to various complications known as aging-associated diseases. These conditions cause loss of homeostasis, leading to cardiac arrest, causing loss of oxygen and nutrient supply, causing irreversible deterioration of the brain and other tissues. Of the roughly 150,000 people who die each day across the globe, about two thirds die of age-related causes. In industrialized nations, the proportion is much higher, approaching 90%. With improved medical capability, dying has become a condition to be managed. Home deaths, once commonplace, are now rare in the developed world.

Americans smoking in 1910. Tobacco smoking caused an estimated 100 million deaths in the 20th century.

In developing nations, inferior sanitary conditions and lack of access to modern medical technology makes death from infectious diseasesmore common than in developed countries. One such disease is tuberculosis, a bacterial disease which killed 1.8M people in 2015.Malaria causes about 400–900M cases of fever and 1–3M deaths annually. AIDS death toll in Africa may reach 90–100M by 2025.

According to Jean Ziegler (United Nations Special Reporter on the Right to Food, 2000—Mar 2008), mortality due to malnutrition accounted for 58% of the total mortality rate in 2006. Ziegler says worldwide approximately 62M people died from all causes and of those deaths more than 36M died of hunger or diseases due to deficiencies in micronutrients.

Tobacco smoking killed 100 million people worldwide in the 20th century and could kill 1 billion people around the world in the 21st century, a World Health Organization report warned.

Many leading developed world causes of death can be postponed by diet and physical activity, but the accelerating incidence of disease with age still imposes limits on human longevity. The evolutionary cause of aging is, at best, only just beginning to be understood. It has been suggested that direct intervention in the aging process may now be the most effective intervention against major causes of death.

Selye proposed a unified non-specific approach to many causes of death. He demonstrated that stress decreases adaptability of an organism and proposed to describe the adaptability as a special resource, adaptation energy. The animal dies when this resource is exhausted.Selye assumed that the adaptability is a finite supply, presented at birth. Later on, Goldstone proposed the concept of a production or income of adaptation energy which may be stored (up to a limit), as a capital reserve of adaptation. In recent works, adaptation energy is considered as an internal coordinate on the “dominant path” in the model of adaptation. It is demonstrated that oscillations of well-being appear when the reserve of adaptability is almost exhausted.

In 2012, suicide overtook car crashes for leading causes of human injury deaths in the U.S., followed by poisoning, falls and murder. Causes of death are different in different parts of the world. In high-income and middle income countries nearly half up to more than two thirds of all people live beyond the age of 70 and predominantly die of chronic diseases. In low-income countries, where less than one in five of all people reach the age of 70, and more than a third of all deaths are among children under 15, people predominantly die of infectious diseases.

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Autopsy

An autopsy, also known as a postmortem examination or an obduction, is a medical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a human corpse to determine the cause and manner of a person’s death and to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present. It is usually performed by a specialized medical doctor called a pathologist.

An autopsy is portrayed in The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, by Rembrandt

Autopsies are either performed for legal or medical purposes. A forensic autopsy is carried out when the cause of death may be a criminal matter, while a clinical or academic autopsy is performed to find the medical cause of death and is used in cases of unknown or uncertain death, or for research purposes. Autopsies can be further classified into cases where external examination suffices, and those where the body is dissected and an internal examination is conducted. Permission from next of kin may be required for internal autopsy in some cases. Once an internal autopsy is complete the body is generally reconstituted by sewing it back together. Autopsy is important in a medical environment and may shed light on mistakes and help improve practices.

A “necropsy” is an older term for a postmortem examination, unregulated, and not always a medical procedure. In modern times the term is more often used in the postmortem examination of the corpses of animals.

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Cryonics

Cryonics (from Greek κρύος ‘kryos-‘ meaning ‘icy cold’) is the low-temperature preservation of animals and humans who cannot be sustained by contemporary medicine, with the hope that healing and resuscitation may be possible in the future.

Cryopreservation of people or large animals is not reversible with current technology. The stated rationale for cryonics is that people who are considered dead by current legal or medical definitions may not necessarily be dead according to the more stringent information-theoretic definition of death. It is proposed that cryopreserved people might someday be recovered by using highly advanced technology.

Some scientific literature supports the feasibility of cryonics. Many other scientists regard cryonics with skepticism. By 2015, more than 300 people have undergone cryopreservation procedures since cryonics was first proposed in 1962.

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Life extension

Life extension refers to an increase in maximum or average lifespan, especially in humans, by slowing down or reversing the processes of aging. Average lifespan is determined by vulnerability to accidents and age or lifestyle-related afflictions such as cancer, or cardiovascular disease. Extension of average lifespan can be achieved by good diet, exercise and avoidance of hazards such as smoking. Maximum lifespan is also determined by the rate of aging for a species inherent in its genes. Currently, the only widely recognized method of extending maximum lifespan is calorie restriction. Theoretically, extension of maximum lifespan can be achieved by reducing the rate of aging damage, by periodic replacement of damaged tissues, or by molecular repair or rejuvenation of deteriorated cells and tissues.

A United States poll found that religious people and irreligious people, as well as men and women and people of different economic classes have similar rates of support for life extension, while Africans and Hispanics have higher rates of support than white people. 38 percent of the polled said they would desire to have their aging process cured.

Researchers of life extension are a subclass of biogerontologists known as “biomedical gerontologists“. They try to understand the nature of aging and they develop treatments to reverse aging processes or to at least slow them down, for the improvement of health and the maintenance of youthful vigor at every stage of life. Those who take advantage of life extension findings and seek to apply them upon themselves are called “life extensionists” or “longevists”. The primary life extension strategy currently is to apply available anti-aging methods in the hope of living long enough to benefit from a complete cure to aging once it is developed.

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Reperfusion

“One of medicine’s new frontiers: treating the dead”, recognizes that cells that have been without oxygen for more than five minutes die, not from lack of oxygen, but rather when their oxygen supply is resumed. Therefore, practitioners of this approach, e.g., at the Resuscitation Science institute at the University of Pennsylvania, “aim to reduce oxygen uptake, slow metabolism and adjust the blood chemistry for gradual and safe reperfusion.”

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Location

Before about 1930, most people in Western countries died in their own homes, surrounded by family, and comforted by clergy, neighbors, and doctors making house calls. By the mid-20th century, half of all Americans died in a hospital. By the start of the 21st century, only about 20 to 25% of people in developed countries died outside a medical institution. The shift away from dying at home, towards dying in a professionalized medical environment, has been termed the “Invisible Death”. The “Invisible Death” process was extremely slow and infinitesimal. It took many years to shift to this new location where dying was commonly taking place outside of the home.

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Society and culture

The regent duke Charles (later king Charles IX of Sweden) insulting the corpse of Klaus Fleming. Albert Edelfelt, 1878.

Dead bodies can be mummifiedeither naturally, as this one from Guanajuato, or by intention, as those in ancient Egypt.

In society, the nature of death and humanity’s awareness of its own mortality has for millennia been a concern of the world’s religious traditions and of philosophical inquiry. This includes belief in resurrection or an afterlife (associated with Abrahamic religions), reincarnationor rebirth (associated with Dharmic religions), or that consciousness permanently ceases to exist, known as eternal oblivion (associated with atheism).

Commemoration ceremonies after death may include various mourning, funeral practices and ceremonies of honouring the deceased. The physical remains of a person, commonly known as a corpse or body, are usually interred whole or cremated, though among the world’s cultures there are a variety of other methods of mortuary disposal. In the English language, blessings directed towards a dead person include rest in peace, or its initialism RIP.

Death is the center of many traditions and organizations; customs relating to death are a feature of every culture around the world. Much of this revolves around the care of the dead, as well as the afterlife and the disposal of bodies upon the onset of death. The disposal of human corpses does, in general, begin with the last offices before significant time has passed, and ritualistic ceremonies often occur, most commonly interment or cremation. This is not a unified practice; in Tibet, for instance, the body is given a sky burial and left on a mountain top. Proper preparation for death and techniques and ceremonies for producing the ability to transfer one’s spiritual attainments into another body (reincarnation) are subjects of detailed study in Tibet. Mummification or embalming is also prevalent in some cultures, to retard the rate of decay.

Legal aspects of death are also part of many cultures, particularly the settlement of the deceased estate and the issues of inheritance and in some countries, inheritance taxation.

Gravestones in Kyoto, Japan

Capital punishment is also a culturally divisive aspect of death. In most jurisdictions where capital punishment is carried out today, the death penalty is reserved for premeditated murder, espionage, treason, or as part of military justice. In some countries, sexual crimes, such as adultery and sodomy, carry the death penalty, as do religious crimes such as apostasy, the formal renunciation of one’s religion. In many retentionist countries, drug trafficking is also a capital offense. In China, human trafficking and serious cases of corruption are also punished by the death penalty. In militaries around the world courts-martial have imposed death sentences for offenses such as cowardice, desertion, insubordination, and mutiny.

Death in warfare and in suicide attack also have cultural links, and the ideas of dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, mutiny punishable by death, grieving relatives of dead soldiers and death notification are embedded in many cultures. Recently in the western world, with the increase in terrorism following the September 11 attacks, but also further back in time with suicide bombings, kamikazemissions in World War II and suicide missions in a host of other conflicts in history, death for a cause by way of suicide attack, and martyrdom have had significant cultural impacts.

Suicide in general, and particularly euthanasia, are also points of cultural debate. Both acts are understood very differently in different cultures. In Japan, for example, ending a life with honor by seppuku was considered a desirable death, whereas according to traditional Christian and Islamic cultures, suicide is viewed as a sin. Death is personified in many cultures, with such symbolic representations as the Grim Reaper, Azrael, the Hindu God Yama and Father Time.

In Brazil, a human death is counted officially when it is registered by existing family members at a cartório, a government-authorized registry. Before being able to file for an official death, the deceased must have been registered for an official birth at the cartório. Though a Public Registry Law guarantees all Brazilian citizens the right to register deaths, regardless of their financial means, of their family members (often children), the Brazilian government has not taken away the burden, the hidden costs and fees, of filing for a death. For many impoverished families, the indirect costs and burden of filing for a death lead to a more appealing, unofficial, local, cultural burial, which in turn raises the debate about inaccurate mortality rates.

Talking about death and witnessing it is a difficult issue with most cultures. Western societies may like to treat the dead with the utmost material respect, with an official embalmer and associated rites. Eastern societies (like India) may be more open to accepting it as a fait accompli, with a funeral procession of the dead body ending in an open air burning-to-ashes of the same.

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Consciousness

Much interest and debate surround the question of what happens to one’s consciousness as one’s body dies. The belief in the permanent loss of consciousness after death is often called eternal oblivion. Belief that consciousness is preserved after physical death is described by the term afterlife.

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 In biology

After death the remains of an organism become part of the biogeochemical cycle. Animals may be consumed by a predator or a scavenger. Organic material may then be further decomposed by detritivores, organisms which recycle detritus, returning it to the environment for reuse in the food chain, where these chemicals may eventually end up being consumed and assimilated into the cells of a living organism. Examples of detritivores include earthworms, woodlice and dung beetles.

Microorganisms also play a vital role, raising the temperature of the decomposing matter as they break it down into yet simpler molecules. Not all materials need to be decomposed fully. Coal, a fossil fuel formed over vast tracts of time in swamp ecosystems, is one example.

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[ Cornell press ]

[ Biocab biology ]

Natural selection

Contemporary evolutionary theory sees death as an important part of the process of natural selection. It is considered that organisms less adapted to their environment are more likely to die having produced fewer offspring, thereby reducing their contribution to the gene pool. Their genes are thus eventually bred out of a population, leading at worst to extinction and, more positively, making the process possible, referred to as speciation. Frequency of reproduction plays an equally important role in determining species survival: an organism that dies young but leaves numerous offspring displays, according to Darwinian criteria, much greater fitness than a long-lived organism leaving only one.

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Extinction

A dodo, the bird that became a byword in the English language for the extinction of a species

Extinction is the cessation of existence of a species or group of taxa, reducing biodiversity. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of that species (although the capacity to breed and recover may have been lost before this point). Because a species’ potential range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxa, where species presumed extinct abruptly “reappear” (typically in the fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. New species arise through the process of speciation, an aspect of evolution. New varieties of organisms arise and thrive when they are able to find and exploit an ecological niche – and species become extinct when they are no longer able to survive in changing conditions or against superior competition

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[ Kick starter  ].

Evolution of aging and mortality

Inquiry into the evolution of aging aims to explain why so many living things and the vast majority of animals weaken and die with age (exceptions include Hydra and the already cited jellyfish Turritopsis dohrnii, which research shows to be biologically immortal). The evolutionary origin of senescence remains one of the fundamental puzzles of biology. Gerontology specializes in the science of human aging processes.

Organisms showing only asexual reproduction (e.g. bacteria, some protists, like the euglenoids and many amoebozoans) and unicellular organisms with sexual reproduction (colonial or not, like the volvocine algae Pandorina and Chlamydomonas) are “immortal” at some extent, dying only due to external hazards, like being eaten or meeting with a fatal accident. In multicellular organisms (and also in multinucleate ciliates), with a Weismannist development, that is, with a division of labor between mortal somatic (body) cells and “immortal” germ (reproductive) cells, death becomes an essential part of life, at least for the somatic line.

The Volvox algae are among the simplest organisms to exhibit that division of labor between two completely different cell types, and as a consequence include death of somatic line as a regular, genetically regulated part of its life history.

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